Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

How is a metaphor typically distinguished?

1. It uses a comparative word to clarify a point

2. It implies a comparison without direct words like 'like' or 'as'

3. It's focused solely on sound and rhythm

4. It's limited to physical descriptions

The correct answer is: It implies a comparison without direct words like 'like' or 'as'

A metaphor is typically distinguished by its ability to imply a comparison between two unlike things without the use of comparative words such as "like" or "as." This form of figurative language allows a writer to create vivid imagery and convey deeper meanings by suggesting that one thing is another, thus enhancing the reader's understanding and emotional connection to the subject. For example, saying "Time is a thief" suggests that time steals moments from our lives, enhancing the concept of time's passage in a powerful way. The other choices are not characteristic of metaphors. The first option relates more to similes, which do use comparative words. The third option suggests that sound and rhythm are the primary considerations, which are more relevant to poetry but do not specifically define a metaphor. The fourth option incorrectly limits metaphor usage to physical descriptions, as metaphors can express abstract ideas and emotional states as well. Therefore, the key distinguishing feature of a metaphor lies in its implicit comparison.