Advanced Placement (AP) English Literature Practice Exam

Which of the following best describes alliteration?

1. The repeated use of vowel sounds in poetry

2. The repetition of sounds, particularly initial consonant sounds

3. The rhyme scheme of a poem

4. A metaphorical reference to a historical event

The correct answer is: The repetition of sounds, particularly initial consonant sounds

Alliteration is best described as the repetition of sounds, particularly initial consonant sounds, in a sequence of words. This literary device is commonly used in poetry and prose to create rhythm, enhance the musical quality of language, and draw attention to particular phrases or themes. For instance, the phrase "She sells seashells by the seashore" features repeated initial 's' sounds that contribute to its lyrical quality. The other options focus on different literary elements: the use of vowel sounds pertains to assonance, a rhyme scheme describes patterns of rhyme in a poem, and a metaphorical reference to a historical event is indicative of allusion. These definitions do not capture the specific nature of alliteration. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the crucial aspect of sound repetition that is central to the concept of alliteration.